AI-Native Cybersecurity

Security built for the AI era. Not adapted for it.

Holster Cybersecurity delivers adversarial AI assessment, purple team operations, AI security architecture, and governance advisory to organisations deploying AI at scale. We find the vulnerabilities in your AI systems before attackers do.

11Attack scenarios per engagement
81%Avg. detection improvement
48hCritical finding turnaround
100+Validated injection scenarios
Service Architecture

Four pillars.
One mission.

Every Holster engagement draws on four interdependent disciplines. We attack to understand exposure, engineer defences to close gaps, design architectures that prevent recurrence, and build governance to sustain security over time.

PILLAR 01  /  RED TEAM
AI Adversarial Operations

We execute real-world attack campaigns against your deployed AI systems — LLMs, RAG pipelines, AI agents, and ML classifiers — using the same techniques documented in MITRE ATLAS and exploited by real-world threat actors. Every vulnerability we find is one attackers cannot exploit.

Prompt Injection RAG Pipeline Attacks Agentic AI Security MCP Security Model Extraction Agent Exploitation Adversarial ML Supply Chain Integrity
PILLAR 02  /  BLUE TEAM
AI Defence Engineering

Finding vulnerabilities is only the beginning. We build the detection rules, monitoring frameworks, guardrail configurations, and incident playbooks that convert attack findings into durable defensive capability — capability your security team can operate, measure, and prove to regulators and auditors.

Detection Engineering SIEM Integration Guardrail Design Output Monitoring Incident Response Security Architecture
PILLAR 03  /  GOVERNANCE
AI Governance & Compliance

Regulatory obligations for AI are live and enforceable. We build the governance frameworks, AI system inventories, risk registers, and compliance evidence that protect your organisation legally — and give your board and regulators genuine oversight of your AI risk posture.

EU AI Act 2024 ISO/IEC 42001 Audit NIST AI RMF Conformity Assessment GDPR Art. 22 AI Risk Register
PILLAR 04  /  ARCHITECTURE
AI Security Architecture

Secure AI systems must be designed correctly from the outset — not hardened after breaches occur. We design and review the security architectures that underpin AI deployments: access controls, model isolation, API gateway security, and zero-trust principles applied to every layer of the AI stack.

Zero-Trust AI Design Secure API Gateway Model Isolation Identity & Access Architecture Review Security by Design
SVC · RED · 01

AI Red Team Assessment

Comprehensive adversarial testing of your AI deployment — from LLM applications and RAG knowledge bases to AI agents and ML classifiers — executed against a structured, gate-controlled attack methodology.

System Prompt SecurityExtraction attempts across instruction override, delimiter injection, role redefinition, encoding bypass, and context collapse technique families — 100+ validated scenarios.
RAG Pipeline AssessmentDocument poisoning via controlled upload, cross-tenant retrieval bypass, embedding manipulation, and indirect injection via retrieved document content.
AI Agent ExploitationTool-chaining privilege escalation, multi-step data exfiltration, human approval bypass, and action injection across all agent tool integrations in scope.
Jailbreak & Safety BypassMany-shot priming, crescendo escalation, language switching, and context collapse — tested methodically against your deployed safety controls and content filters.
Adversarial ML TestingEvasion attacks against ML classifiers, training data exposure via membership inference, and black-box model extraction against API-only targets.
Supply Chain IntegrityModel provenance audit, training data security review, third-party AI component assessment, and MLOps pipeline security evaluation.
SVC · PURPLE · 01

Purple Team Simulation

A structured red-versus-blue exercise: your security team attempts real-time detection while our red team executes documented AI attack scenarios — with detection engineering built into every step.

Structured Scenario ExecutionEleven attack scenarios spanning prompt injection, RAG poisoning, agent exploitation, deepfake social engineering, and API attack families — all fully documented.
Live Detection TestingYour security team attempts detection as attacks execute. Every detection gap is documented, root-cause analysed, and addressed within the same engagement — no deferral.
Detection Rule LibraryEvery undetected scenario produces a production-ready detection rule — compatible with Splunk, Microsoft Sentinel, Elastic, and IBM QRadar — delivered at engagement close.
Guardrail Effectiveness BenchmarkYour AI safety controls are tested against a validated injection library covering all eight technique families — providing a quantified guardrail effectiveness score.
MITRE ATLAS Coverage MapEvery scenario mapped to the MITRE ATLAS adversarial AI framework — a defensible record of AI threat coverage for regulators, auditors, and insurers.
Measured ImprovementDetection rate measured before and after. Clients typically move from below 30% to above 80% AI threat detection within a single exercise.
SVC · GOLD · 01

AI Governance & Audit

A comprehensive assessment of your AI programme against regulatory obligations and governance best practice — producing the inventory, risk register, and roadmap your organisation needs to be defensible.

AI System InventoryDiscovery of all AI systems in use — including shadow AI — with EU AI Act risk classification, EU AI Act tier assignment, and regulatory obligation mapping for each.
Regulatory Gap AnalysisClause-by-clause assessment against EU AI Act, GDPR / UK GDPR, NIS2, DORA, and applicable sector regulation — with a prioritised remediation map.
Vendor Risk AssessmentData processing agreement review, security certification check, and AI Act compliance status evaluation for every third-party AI vendor in scope.
AI Risk RegisterA structured risk register covering security, privacy, bias, regulatory, and operational risks — with likelihood, impact scoring, and treatment plans for each entry.
Governance Maturity ScoreEight-domain maturity assessment against ISO/IEC 42001 — current state, target state, evidence base, and a clear investment priority order.
Remediation RoadmapA phased programme from 30-day critical actions to an 18-month governance maturity improvement plan — with named owners and measurable success criteria.
SVC · ARCH · 01

AI Security Architecture

Security designed into AI systems from the beginning is structurally more effective — and significantly cheaper — than security retrofitted after a breach. We design, review, and harden the architectures that AI deployments run on.

Secure Architecture ReviewExpert review of your current AI system architecture against security best practice — identifying structural vulnerabilities before they are exploited.
Zero-Trust AI DesignZero-trust access models applied to AI workloads — every model, endpoint, and integration authenticated, authorised, and monitored regardless of network location.
API Gateway SecuritySecure LLM API gateway design with authentication, rate limiting, input validation, and output filtering — preventing abuse at the perimeter before requests reach the model.
Model & Data IsolationArchitectural controls ensuring model instances, training data, RAG corpora, and inference outputs are isolated between tenants, environments, and classification levels.
Identity & Access for AILeast-privilege identity design for AI systems, service accounts, and AI agent tool integrations — eliminating the over-permissioning that enables lateral movement.
Security-by-Design AdvisoryEmbedded security advisory during AI product development — shifting security left so architectural decisions are made with full awareness of their attack surface implications.
SVC · AUGMENT · 01

AI-Augmented Penetration Testing

Traditional penetration testing enhanced by AI — accelerated reconnaissance, deeper vulnerability correlation, and realistic simulation of the AI-powered attacks your organisation will face.

AI-Accelerated ReconnaissanceLLM-driven intelligence gathering, automated vulnerability correlation from service discovery output, and AI-powered attack path identification and prioritisation.
Deepfake Social EngineeringVoice clone simulation and video deepfake exercises — testing your organisation's procedural resilience to AI-powered executive impersonation and authorised-push-payment fraud.
AI Spear Phishing SimulationLLM-personalised phishing campaigns that demonstrate the measurable uplift in believability and engagement rates that AI now provides to adversaries at scale.
Detection Evasion TestingAI-generated payload variants test whether your security controls can detect attacks crafted by the same AI capabilities available to real threat actors today.
Broader Vulnerability CoverageAI-assisted exploitation and analysis delivers greater attack surface coverage than conventional methods in the same engagement window.
Full Technical ReportAll findings documented with reproduction steps, business impact analysis, MITRE ATT&CK and ATLAS mapping, and specific, actionable remediation guidance.
Regulatory & Certification Assessments
SVC · REG · 01

EU AI Act Compliance Assessment

A 7-phase structured assessment mapping your AI systems against EU Regulation 2024/1689 — from prohibited use checks and high-risk classification through technical documentation, conformity assessment preparation, and GPAI model obligations.

AI System Inventory & ClassificationDiscovery and documentation of all AI systems in scope, EU AI Act risk tier assignment (prohibited, high-risk, limited-risk, minimal-risk), and Annex I prohibited use review for each system.
High-Risk System AssessmentClause-by-clause evaluation against Articles 8–15 — data governance, technical documentation, record-keeping, transparency, human oversight, accuracy, and cybersecurity requirements for each high-risk AI system identified.
GPAI Model EvaluationAssessment of general-purpose AI models against Article 51 systemic risk criteria, model card and policy documentation review against Annex XI, and copyright compliance requirements under Article 53.
Technical Documentation ReviewCompleteness assessment of existing technical documentation against Annex IV requirements — with gap-filling advisory to reach the standard required for self-certification or third-party conformity declarations.
Regulatory Gap AnalysisPrioritised gap register across all applicable EU AI Act Articles, GDPR Article 22 automated decision obligations, and applicable sector overlays — with a remediation roadmap mapped to enforcement timelines.
Conformity Assessment SupportGuidance for self-certification and third-party conformity pathways — including declaration of conformity drafting, CE marking requirements, and EU AI Act database registration obligations for high-risk systems.
SVC · AGENT · 01

Agentic AI Security Assessment

A purpose-built offensive assessment targeting AI agent architectures — covering tool abuse, prompt injection chains, memory poisoning, MCP server security, and multi-step exfiltration attacks against systems where AI takes autonomous action in the real world.

Agent & Tool Surface MappingEnumeration of all agent capabilities, connected tools, MCP servers, API integrations, and external service bindings — establishing the complete attack surface before adversarial testing begins.
Direct Prompt InjectionAdversarial instruction injection via user input to override agent behaviour, hijack tool usage, escalate privilege, and extract system-level context — aligned to MITRE ATLAS AML.T0051.000 and OWASP LLM01:2025.
Indirect Injection via Retrieved ContentDocument-borne and web-retrieved payload injection — testing whether injected instructions in indexed documents, retrieved web pages, or third-party API responses can redirect agent behaviour without any user awareness.
Memory & State PoisoningAttacks targeting agent long-term memory, session state, and shared context stores — assessing whether poisoned entries persist across sessions and influence future agent decisions and autonomous actions.
Tool Abuse & Privilege EscalationMulti-step tool-chaining attacks leveraging legitimate agent capabilities to escalate privileges, access out-of-scope resources, or execute unintended actions — aligned to MITRE ATLAS AML.T0043 and OWASP LLM06:2025.
MCP Server Security ReviewSecurity assessment of Model Context Protocol server implementations — authentication controls, authorisation boundaries, tool permission enforcement, and exfiltration paths through MCP tool responses and server-to-server communication.
SVC · CERT · 01

ISO/IEC 42001 AI Management System Audit

A structured audit of your AI management system against ISO/IEC 42001:2023 — the international standard for responsible AI management — delivered across 7 phases aligned to clauses 4–10, with a certification readiness verdict and roadmap at conclusion.

Context & Scope (Clause 4)Organisational context review, internal and external stakeholder mapping, AI policy scope definition, and identification of interested party requirements — establishing the AIMS boundary and applicability register.
Leadership & Policy (Clause 5)Top management commitment assessment, AI policy review and gap analysis, and responsibility assignment audit against the Annex A control framework's requirement for documented leadership accountability for AI risk.
Planning & Risk (Clause 6)AI risk assessment methodology review, treatment plan evaluation, objective setting review, and assessment of risk and opportunity identification processes against Annex A controls A.6 and A.9.
Operations & Annex A Controls (Clauses 8 & A)Operational planning and control assessment across the full Annex A control set — covering AI system lifecycle, data management, human oversight mechanisms, incident response, and supplier and third-party AI controls.
Performance Evaluation (Clause 9)Monitoring, measurement, internal audit programme, and management review assessment — evaluating whether the organisation has the measurement infrastructure required to demonstrate AIMS effectiveness to certification bodies.
Certification Readiness ReportClause-by-clause conformance rating, full Annex A control gap register, prioritised remediation roadmap, and a definitive certification readiness verdict — with guidance on certification body selection and stage 1 audit preparation.
SVC · CERT · 02

Cyber Essentials & CE+ Certification

NCSC-backed baseline certification covering all five technical security controls — delivered via the Montpellier questionnaire route or the NCSC Assured Cyber Advisor-supported pathway. CE+ adds independent technical verification by an NCSC Assured assessor against IASME 2024.

Five Control AssessmentGuided assessment across all five CE controls — boundary firewalls and internet gateways, secure configuration, user access control, malware protection, and patch management — against current IASME Cyber Essentials requirements.
Montpellier Questionnaire SupportSupported self-assessment via the Montpellier online platform — advisory guidance for each control, evidence preparation, and pre-submission review designed to maximise first-attempt pass rate across all five control domains.
NCSC Assured Cyber Advisor RouteCertification via an NCSC Assured Cyber Advisor — providing formal advisory support recognised within the certification process and accepted as evidence of supported assessment by IASME and NCSC.
CE+ Independent Technical VerificationCyber Essentials Plus extends CE with external vulnerability scanning, internal configuration audit, and hands-on device testing of all five controls — conducted by an NCSC Assured assessor at the highest NCSC assurance tier.
Pre-Assessment Gap RemediationGap analysis identifying control weaknesses before submission — with specific, actionable remediation guidance for each gap so certification is achieved efficiently without costly failed attempts or reassessment fees.
Supply Chain & Insurance AlignmentCE and CE+ certification provides evidence required for government procurement eligibility, cyber insurance premium reduction, and supply chain security questionnaire compliance across major UK enterprise frameworks.
How We Work

A structured process.
Predictable outcomes.

Every Holster engagement follows the same disciplined, gate-controlled process. You always know what we are doing, when, and what you will receive at each stage.

01
Scope & Threat Model
AI system inventory, MITRE ATLAS TTP selection, attack surface mapping, risk prioritisation.
02
Reconnaissance
Model fingerprinting, API discovery, shadow AI identification, RAG and agent capability mapping.
03
Attack Execution
Automated and manual exploitation within the agreed scope and testing windows.
04
Purple Validation
Detection testing, rule engineering, guardrail benchmarking, iterative re-execution.
05
Report & Roadmap
Technical report, executive briefing, board presentation, remediation roadmap delivered.
Governed by
MITRE ATLAS OWASP LLM Top 10 2025 NIST AI RMF EU AI Act 2024/1689 ISO/IEC 42001 GDPR / UK GDPR PTES NIS2 / DORA
Why Holster

Not just another
security firm.

01
AI-Native from Day One

Holster was created specifically for AI security — not a traditional penetration testing firm with an AI practice added on. Every methodology, assessment framework, and engagement is designed for the specific attack surface of machine learning systems.

02
We Test What Attackers Actually Use

Our red team deploys the same adversarial techniques documented in MITRE ATLAS and exploited by real threat actors. We don't simulate AI attacks — we execute them, within agreed scope, so you understand your real exposure rather than a theoretical one.

03
Purple Team, Not Just Red Team

Every engagement closes the loop with blue team validation and detection engineering. Clients leave with measurably improved security posture and deployed detection rules — not a report of vulnerabilities to address eventually.

04
Regulatory Fluency Built In

Every technical finding is mapped to its EU AI Act, GDPR, and sector-specific regulatory implication. One engagement serves your CISO, your Data Protection Officer, and your legal team — reducing the compliance overhead significantly.

05
Security Architecture, Not Just Assessment

Beyond finding vulnerabilities and closing detection gaps, Holster designs the security architecture that AI systems should have been built on from the outset — zero-trust access models, secure API gateway design, model isolation, and identity controls that make future attacks structurally harder.

AI Attack Surface — Reality
91%

of LLM deployments contain at least one critical injection vulnerability detectable within minutes by an adversarial security assessment. Most organisations have never tested their AI systems.

Detection Gap — Industry Average
27%

is the typical pre-exercise AI threat detection rate for organisations without dedicated AI security monitoring. The majority of SIEM deployments contain zero AI-specific detection rules.

Regulatory Exposure — EU AI Act
€35M

maximum penalty for deploying a prohibited AI system. High-risk AI systems without conformity assessments face significant enforcement risk. Most organisations have not formally classified their AI deployments.

What You Receive

Every engagement delivers
board-quality output.

Our deliverables are designed to serve three audiences simultaneously — your technical team, your executive leadership, and your board and regulators.

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Full Technical Report

Every finding with reproduction steps, evidence, severity rating, attack framework mapping, business impact, and specific remediation guidance.

Executive Briefing

A concise non-technical summary for C-suite — risk posture, key findings, regulatory exposure, and investment priorities clearly stated.

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Detection Rule Library

Production-ready detection rules for every undetected finding — compatible with your SIEM and ready for immediate deployment.

Purple Team Report

Pre and post exercise detection rates, MITRE ATLAS coverage map, detection gap analysis, and guardrail effectiveness benchmark.

Remediation Roadmap

Phased programme from 30-day critical actions to an 18-month governance maturity plan — with named owners and success criteria.

§
Regulatory Mapping

Every finding mapped to its applicable regulatory obligation — EU AI Act, GDPR, and applicable sector regulation — as audit-ready compliance evidence.

Board Presentation

A board-ready deck translating technical findings into business risk language — suitable for audit committee and board-level review.

Retest & Certificate

Complimentary retest of critical and high findings within 90 days. Certificate of remediation issued for all formally closed vulnerabilities.

Engagements

From the field.

Representative engagements from organisations deploying AI at scale. All client details anonymised. All findings are real.

Financial Services  ·  Red Team

Credit Decisioning Model — Adversarial Manipulation & Regulatory Exposure

A lender had deployed an AI-assisted credit scoring model without adversarial robustness testing. Assessment revealed that structured input manipulation could materially shift credit decisions without triggering any existing fraud controls. The system also lacked GDPR Article 22 documentation and a human oversight mechanism — a compounding regulatory exposure.

Adversarial evasion attack demonstrated against the live production model Input anomaly detection implemented for statistical outlier identification GDPR DPIA and Article 22 documentation completed EU AI Act Article 15 conformity assessment programme initiated
Financial Services  ·  Governance

Fintech AI Deployment — Shadow AI Discovery & Governance Foundation

A rapidly growing fintech had deployed multiple AI features across its mobile banking platform with no governance documentation and no AI inventory. Shadow AI discovery identified consumer AI tools processing customer data without data processing agreements — a direct exposure under applicable data protection and financial services regulations.

Complete AI system inventory established — nine systems documented Data protection compliance remediation programme initiated Financial services AI risk management framework aligned AI governance committee established with quarterly board reporting
Technology  ·  Purple Team

RAG Knowledge Base — Persistent Injection via Customer Document Upload

A SaaS platform allowing customer document uploads to an AI knowledge base was found vulnerable to indirect prompt injection. A test document caused the AI to follow injected instructions in all subsequent user responses for hours — undetected. Pre-exercise: zero of eleven attack scenarios detected. Post-exercise: nine had validated detection rules deployed in the client SIEM.

Document ingestion scanning deployed — semantic injection detection Output monitoring implemented — system prompt integrity checking Detection rate improved from 0% to 82% in a single exercise Nine production SIEM detection rules delivered and deployed

"Holster extracted our system prompt — including a live internal API credential — in under fifteen minutes. The purple team exercise that followed transformed that single finding into the most significant security capability improvement we have made in three years. We now have genuine visibility into AI threats for the first time."

CTO
Chief Technology Officer Financial Technology  ·  Series B  ·  London, UK
Start Here

Ready to understand your AI security exposure?

Every day your AI systems operate without adversarial testing, attackers are mapping vulnerabilities you cannot see. The conversation starts with a 45-minute confidential threat briefing — your systems, your risks, no obligation.

01Submit your enquiry — we respond within one business day
0245-minute confidential threat briefing — your AI, your risks
03Fixed-scope engagement proposal delivered within 48 hours
04First findings delivered within two weeks of engagement start
Contact
Get in Touch hello@holster.com